The Dow Jones Industrial Average

There are 30 Dow Jones stocks designed to serve as a bellwether for the general U.S. stock market.

Founded in 1896 with 12 stocks, the Dow Jones Industrial Average is one of the oldest stock market indexes and one of the most popular. It is designed to serve as a bellwether for the general U.S. stock market and an indictor of the overall U.S. economy. It is widely-recognized stock market indices. It measures the daily stock market movements of 30 U.S. publicly-traded companies listed on the NASDAQ or the  New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The 30 publicly-owned companies are considered leaders in the United States economy.

The index changes when one or more components experience financial distress that renders it a less important company in its sector when there is a significant shift in the economy that needs to be reflected in the composition.

Recent changes that occurred include:

  • March 2015, Apple replaced AT&T
  • September 2017, DowDuPont replaced DuPont. (Following the merger of Dow Chemical Company and DuPont)
  • July 2018, Wallgreens Boots Alliance Replaced General Electric

Other major stock indexes include the technology-heavy Nasdaq composite and the S&P 500 index — an index of the 500 largest companies in the United States.

The stock market historically performs similarly to the business cycle of the economy. A bear market (prices decrease 20% or more) occurs during a recession and a bull market (prices increase) during an expansion.

Business Cycle Phases.

The business cycle is the natural rise and fall of economic growth that occurs over time. The business cycle goes through four major phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough. The cycle is a useful tool for analyzing the economy.


References:

  1. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/trading-investing/dow-jones-industrial-average-djia/
  2. https://www.thebalance.com/dow-jones-closing-history-top-highs-and-lows-since-1929-3306174
  3. https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-business-cycle-3305912

Emotional Well-Being and Happiness

“Happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions.” Dalai Lama

Emotional well-being is defined as the ability to successfully handle life’s stresses, adapt to difficult times, and thrive. Emotional well-being is also good for your overall health.

Studies have consistently shown that emotional well and happiest people are those who seek meaning and purpose, practice gratitude, and build strong close relationships, as opposed to seeking immediate gratification or pleasure, states Tchiki Davis, Ph.D., Founder, Berkeley Well-Being Institute, and well-being expert. To find fulfillment, you must uncover your true hopes, ambitions, dreams and ideas, then make your actions match these ideals.

Yet, no matter how perfectly you conduct your life, you won’t always be joyful and peaceful. The happiest and emotionally well individuals will experience stormy and uncertain periods.

Happiness and Emotional Wellness allows us to thrive, solve the problems we confront in our lives and maintain a strong sense of hope.

What determines happiness is due to personality and thoughts and behaviors that can be changed. Thus, you can learn how to be happy — or at least happier.

Although you may have thought, as many people do, that happiness comes from being born wealthy or beautiful or living a stress-free life, the reality is that people who have wealth, beauty or less stress are not happier on average than those who don’t enjoy those things.

People who are happy seem to intuitively know that their happiness is the sum of their life choices. They know that choices, thoughts and actions can influence their level of happiness. You can enhance your happiness by:

  • Investing in relationships – Surround yourself with happy people. Being around people who are content buoys your own mood. And by being happy yourself, you give something back to those around you.
  • Expressing gratitude – Gratitude is more than saying thank you. It’s a sense of wonder, appreciation and, yes, thankfulness for life. Think about what you’re grateful for before you go to sleep and when you wake up in the morning.
  • Cultivating optimism – Develop the habit of seeing the positive side of things. Remember that what is right about you almost always is more than what is wrong.
  • Finding your purpose – People who strive to meet a goal or fulfill a mission are happier than those who don’t have such aspirations. Having a goal provides a sense of purpose, bolsters self-esteem and brings people together. Research studies suggest that relationships provide the strongest meaning and purpose to your life. So cultivate meaningful relationships.
  • Living in the moment – Don’t postpone joy waiting for a day when your life is less busy or less stressful. That day may never come. Instead, look for opportunities to savor the small pleasures of everyday life. Focus on the positives in the present moment, instead of dwelling on the past or worrying about the future.

Spending time with supportive friends or family, cultivating a grateful attitude and an optimistic outlook, focusing on your purpose, and living in the present can help you take steps toward being happier.

Additionally, practicing  gratitude is a great way to boost emotional wellness. First, it feels good because we feel happier to have good things in our lives. Second, it helps improve our relationships when we share our gratitude with others. They see that we value them and it makes our relationships stronger. This makes gratitude a double whammy for our emotional wellness. Start by writing a gratitude list or gratitude notes to people who you are grateful for.

Good friends are good for your health.

It’s never too late to build new friendships or reconnect with old friends. Investing time in making friends and strengthening your friendships can pay off in better health and a brighter outlook for years to come.

Developing and maintaining healthy friendships involves give-and-take. Sometimes you’re the one giving support, and other times you’re on the receiving end. Letting friends know you care about them and appreciate them can help strengthen your bond. It’s as important for you to be a good friend as it is to surround yourself with good friends.

Friends play a significant role in promoting your overall health.

Friends can help you celebrate good times and provide support during bad times. Friends prevent loneliness and give you a chance to offer needed companionship, too. Friends can also:

  • Increase your sense of belonging and purpose
  • Boost your happiness and reduce your stress
  • Improve your self-confidence and self-worth
  • Help you cope with traumas, such as divorce, serious illness, job loss or the death of a loved one
  • Encourage you to change or avoid unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as excessive drinking or lack of exercise

Friends play a significant role in promoting your overall health. Adults with strong social support have a reduced risk of many significant health problems, including depression, high blood pressure and an unhealthy body mass index (BMI), according to Mayo Clinic. Studies have even found that older adults with a rich social life are likely to live longer than their peers with fewer connections.


References:

  1. https://www.psychalive.org/the-secret-to-happiness-and-well-being/
  2. https://www.berkeleywellbeing.com/emotional-wellness.html
  3. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/friendships/art-20044860
  4. https://www.nih.gov/health-information/emotional-wellness-toolkit

Ideal Team Player by Patrick Lencioni

“The kind of people that all teams need are people who are humble, hungry, and smart: humble being little ego, focusing more on their teammates than on themselves. Hungry, meaning they have a strong work ethic, are determined to get things done, and contribute any way they can. Smart, meaning not intellectually smart but inner personally smart.”  Patrick Lencioni

Patrick Lencioni thinks it is time to change the way people prepare for success. Drawing from his book, The Ideal Team Player, Lencioni makes the compelling case that the key to success in an increasingly team-oriented world are Three Simple Virtues:

  1. Humility – think about others before themselves…putting others before yourselves.
  2. Hunger – need a innate sense of hunger to get things done.
  3. Smart – high emotional intelligence…how we use our smarts to get the best out of others (people smarts).

Whether you’re a senior executive or a high school coach, focusing on these deceptively simple virtues can radically improve your personal and professional effectiveness and fulfillment.

The Concept

An ideal team player embodies three virtues: humility, hunger and people smarts. The power this combination yields drastically accelerates and improves the process of building high-performing teams.

  • HUMBLE — Ideal team players are humble. They lack excessive ego or concerns about status. They are quick to point out the contributions of others and slow to seek recognition for their own. They share credit, emphasize team over self, and define success collectively rather than individually.
  • HUNGRY — Ideal team players are hungry. They are always looking for more—more things to do, more to learn, more responsibility. Hungry people rarely have to be pushed by a manager to work harder because they are self-motivated and diligent. They are constantly thinking about the next step and the next opportunity.
  • SMART — Ideal team players are smart. They are emotionally intelligent and have common sense about people. They tend to know what is happening in a group situation and how to effectively deal with others. They have good judgment and intuition around the subtleties of group dynamics and the impact of their words and actions.

See the source image

What makes this model so powerful and unique is the required combination of all three attributes together, according to Lencioni. If even one attribute is missing in a team member, teamwork becomes significantly more difficult and sometimes even impossible.


References:

  1. https://www.tablegroup.com/product/ideal-team-player/
  2. https://de7pikzj4hvyk.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/14171138/Ideal-Team-Player-Model-and-Summary.pdf
  3. https://www.tablegroup.com/18-how-dysfunctional-is-your-team/

Patrick Lencioni is founder and president of the Table Group, a firm dedicated to making work more fulfilling by making organizations healthier.

Maximizing Your Social Security Benefit

The highest Social Security benefit you or any retired American can collect at age 70 in 2021 is $3,895 a month.

The most an individual who files a claim for Social Security retirement benefits in 2021 can receive per month is:

  • $3,895 for someone who files at age 70. 
  • $3,148 for someone who files at full retirement age (currently 66 and 2 months)
  • $2,324 for someone who files at 62.

Full retirement age, or FRA, is the age when you are entitled to 100 percent of your Social Security benefits, which are determined by your lifetime earnings. If you were born between 1943 and 1954, your full retirement age was 66. If you were born in 1955, it is 66 and 2 months. For those born between 1956 and 1959, it gradually increases, and for those born in 1960 or later, it is 67.

It is important to know that:

  • Claiming benefits before full retirement age will lower your monthly payments;
  • You can increase your retirement benefits by waiting past your FRA to retire up to age 70.

To be eligible for the maximum benefit, your earnings must have equaled or exceeded Social Security’s maximum taxable income — the amount of your earnings on which you pay Social Security taxes — for at least 35 years of your working life. The maximum taxable income in 2021 is $142,800.

The maximum taxable earnings is the limit on the amount of your earnings that is taxed by Social Security. The maximum earnings that are taxed has changed over the years. If you’ve earned more than the maximum in any year, whether in one job or more than one, Social Security Administration only uses the maximum to calculate your benefits.


References:

  1. https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/retirement/planner/maxtax.html
  2. https://www.aarp.org/retirement/social-security/questions-answers/maximum-ss-benefit.html
  3. https://www.aarp.org/retirement/social-security/questions-answers/social-security-full-retirement-age/

Knowing How Much You’ll Need (Your Number) in Retirement

Studies have consistently shown that the majority of Americans have no idea how much they need to save for retirement. Most use an arbitrary round number, such as $1 million, as the amount they require for a retirement nest egg. While having a random savings goal is obviously better than none at all, finding a more accurate retirement number doesn’t have to be complicated, according to Motley Fool.

The truth is that how much you’ll need for retirement is unique to you and your family. However, many people gain confidence in their plans to retire whilst actually planning in order to know what to set aside for daily expenses, healthcare, and recreation.

Failing to plan, is planning to fail

For retirement planning support and support over the course of your retirement, consulting a financial advisor has been shown to be a positive option. Voya Financial, in a study, found that 79% of people who use an advisor said they “know how to pursue achieving their retirement goals.” The study also found that 59% of those who use an advisor have calculated how much they need to retire, while 52% established a formal retirement investment plan.

There’s no way to accurately project exactly how much you’ll need to save and invest for retirement, but it’s a smart idea to err on the side of caution and aim to exceed your retirement number. After all, the last thing you want is to be 85 years old and running out of money.


References:

  1. https://article.smartasset.com/4-key-steps-for-retiring-comfortably
  2. https://www.fool.com/retirement/2016/10/09/the-simple-way-to-find-your-retirement-number.aspx

Disciplined Investing | Fidelity Investment

“If you buy a stock without dividends, make sure it’s marketed well so the value increases and you can eventually sell it for a profit. Anything less isn’t worth your investment.” Mark Cuban

Many people want to invest in stocks but are simply afraid to take the plunge. Yet, investing in stocks is essential for individuals to reach their financial goals and to enjoy a life of financial freedom in retirement

However, investing in stocks is a simple process, but not easy to execute. In order to stay on track with your financial goals, it’s important to keep your emotions and confidence in check while investing since one’s behavior in the .

The key thing to understand is that over longer periods of time there is significantly less volatility in the market. Short-term, there is no question that investing in stocks is risky. While you have a chance at larger reward, there is often a greater chance of a massive loss.

This Fidelity Investment video shows how disciplined investing can help you meet your financial goals.

Six rules to disciplined investing which will help you make better long-term financial and invesment decisions:

  1. Have a long-term investment philosophy and plan.
  2. Form a prudent asset allocation based on this philosophy.
  3. Select low-cost index funds to represent asset classes in the allocation.
  4. Maintain this portfolio through all market conditions.
  5. Don’t change the asset allocation due to recent market activity.
  6. Don’t hold back on new investments while waiting for market clarity.

References:

  1. https://www.forbes.com/sites/rickferri/2015/10/06/six-rules-to-disciplined-investing

Your Health…a Long Term Investment

Your health is an investment, not an expense. John Quelch

What would you call an investment that involves little to no risk, requires little money or capital to start, is available equally to every American, grows more valuable every year, is a proven career booster and can generate hundreds of thousands of dollars of extra savings over a lifetime?

It’s called good health.

August is National Wellness Month and a great opportunity to make an investment in your overall health and wellness, so you can do more of the activities you love now, and remain healthy enough to do the activities you enjoy in the future. Thus, it is essential that you view your physical, mental and emotional health as a long term investment, not an expense.

Think about all of the things you spend money on. Some things are critical to living such as food, a roof over your head, and clothes to wear. However, as a whole, you tend to spend money on some things that are unnecessary, and then think that you don’t have enough money to invest in and to manage your health.

Invest in your health for ‘health is wealth’

The biggest and most obvious reason that you should invest in your health is that you only get one body and mind in your lifetime. This means that keeping your body and mind. healthy should be your top priority.

Another great reason to take care of your body today is that you may not have taken the best care of it in the past. Whether it was all the process foods and sugary snacks you ate as a kid, or the one too many beers you had in college, most Americans could stand to make up for an unhealthy lifestyle in their past. The other reason you should invest in your health today is that the investment will pay off and compound in the long term. To paraphrase an adage…the best time to invest in your health was ten years ago and the second best time is today.

The best investment you can ever make is in your own health.

More than ever you must not only protect, but focus on improving your mental, emotional and physical health. It’s important that you find ways of improving your well-being and taking care of your health because it is an investment worth making.

One way to emphasize your health is to manage and measure your health.

Healthy aging

So many people spend their health gaining wealth, and then have to spend their wealth to regain their health. A. J. Reb Materi

The bottom line is that you should be spending at least as much time educating yourself and dedicating yourself to healthy lifestyles, exercise and diets as you do to maximizing your returns on investment.


References:

  1. http://yourqualitycareassociates.com/your-health-is-an-investment-not-an-expense/
  2. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/health-investment_b_909015

Hemp Hearts Benefits

YOUR HEALTH IS AN INVESTMENT, NOT AN EXPENSE

Hemp hearts are the inner part of the hemp seed and are cultivated from the Cannabis Sativa plant. Cannabis Sativa is the plant most commonly associated with marijuana, but hemp and marijuana are not the same. Hemp hearts are collected from the Cannabis Sativa seeds, while marijuana is derived from the flowers, stems, and leaves of this plant. Hemp hearts do not contain any psychoactive compounds, such as THC, and will not produce a “high”. 

Hemp hearts are superfoods that contain all the essential nutrients and minerals the human body needs. This superfood can provide benefits such as fighting inflammation, lowering blood pressure, and protecting your muscles and joints. 

Hemp seed hearts are easy to consume, making them a popular choice for a lot of people. Besides the ease of consumption, there are several main hemp hearts benefits you don’t want to miss out on.

Hemp Hearts Benefits

The main health benefits of hemp hearts include:

1. Reduce the Risk of Heart Diseases

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), heart diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. These conditions (and death rates) can be curbed by lowering LDL cholesterol levels of individuals.

A good way of doing this is by including healthy fats in your diet. 80% of a hemp heart consists of polyunsaturated fats such as omega-3 and omega-6 fats which is vital in this regard. Hemp hearts contain the ideal ratio of Omega 6 & 3 in a 3:1 ratio, just perfect for your body to absorb.

These essential fatty acids are responsible for improving heart health, supporting brain development, fighting inflammation, promoting bone health and decrease joint and chronic pain that can come from arthritis.

2. Relieving Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Symptoms

One of the not so obvious benefits of organic hemp hearts is helping women manage their PMS symptoms. Hemp’s heart consists of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) which alleviates these symptoms by balancing the body’s hormone levels and stearidonic fatty acids which also help to protect against inflammation.

3. Boost Digestion

Hemp hearts contain Edestin protein which resembles the bodies’ globular proteins in the blood plasma. This makes the protein compatible with our digestion system and, therefore, easily absorbed by the body. This may be the reason why there are no reported food allergies related to hemp foods.

4. Reduce the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Consuming hemp hearts adds magnesium to your system which is responsible for breaking down sugars and reducing insulin resistance in your body. Insulin resistance often results in Type 2 diabetes.

5. Body Tissue Repair and Growth

Hemp protein contains all the 20 known amino acids – including nine essential amino acids (EAAs). EAAs are amino acids that the body can’t do without. A deficiency in EAAs may lead to serious degenerative conditions.

Hemp is a great alternative to animal protein. Proteins like edestin and albumin from the hemp seeds easily assimilate into the body, improving your immune system.

6. Essential Amino Acids                                          

There are about eight amino acids that the human body cannot make, and two that the body cannot make in sufficient quantities. These essential amino acids are present in hemp seeds. They’re vital for functions such as tissue repair, nutrient absorption, and protein synthesis.

Additionally, hemp hearts are rich in vitamins and minerals such as:

  • Magnesium – assists with muscle function
  • Manganese – an antioxidant that also helps with metabolism
  • Calcium – assists with healthy bone development
  • Vitamin E – supports hair, skin, nails, and metabolism 
  • Vitamin D – assists with healthy bone development 
  • Zinc – assists with nerve and muscle function

It’s also a good source of iron, phosphorous, and potassium for the body.


References:

  1. https://thehumminggroup.com/raw-hemp-hearts/
  2. https://whatishemp.com/blog/6-hemp-hearts-benefits-you-dont-want-to-forego/
  3. https://whatishemp.com/blog/kickstart-your-day-with-a-bowl-of-tasty-hemp-muesli/

The Delta Variant: What You Should Know

Delta variant is causing vaccine breakthrough infections.

The Delta variant is an example of how the virus that causes COVID-19 can change as it spreads and has caused nearly 75% of the current infections in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

New evidence is showing that the delta variant is as contagious as chickenpox and this has prompted U.S. health officials to consider changing advice on wearing masks.

The CDC is encouraging all Americans to get vaccinated, recommending masks for everyone and requiring vaccines for doctors and other health care providers.

If you are fully vaccinated, your risk of infection is lower, but some people can still spread the Delta variant. When “breakthrough cases” of COVID-19 do occur in vaccinated people, nearly all are avoiding serious illness, hospitalization, or death. cdc.gov/coronavirus

To maximize protection from the Delta variant and prevent possibly spreading it to others, wear a mask indoors in public if you are in an area of substantial or high transmission.

For schools, CDC recommends universal indoor masking for all teachers, staff, students, and visitors to K-12 schools, regardless of vaccination status. Children should return to full-time in-person learning in the fall with layered prevention strategies in place.


References:

  1. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

The Science of Happiness and Well-Being

“We humans are unhappy in large part because we are insatiable; after working hard to get what we want, we routinely lose interest in the object of our desire. Rather than feeling satisfied, we feel a bit bored, and in response to this boredom, we go on to form new, even grander desires.” William B. Irvine, author of the book “A Guide to the Good Life”

You will find that the real joy and happiness often comes from the pursuit of destinations, rather than the destinations themselves.

Freedom to choose is the friend of natural happiness. Financial independence gives you the ability to design your day in such a way that you can spend mornings doing work you love and evenings being around people you love.

Practices like:

  • Meditation,
  • Gratitude and
  • Making time for social connections

…have the biggest effect on our happiness and well-being,

One of the things that is important to understand is the freedom that money affords. It provides you the means to make some of your own choices and not feel like you’re locked into a job. It was once said that if money is not making you happy, then you’re not spending it right.

“Money doesn’t buy happiness.”

“Money doesn’t increase happiness in the way that we think”, said William B. Irvine, author of the book “A Guide to the Good Life”. “Our minds are lying to us about how much of an impact extra cash will have on our happiness.”

Money gives you more control over your life; the freedom to retire early, the security to support yourself and your family, the comfort of buying things and experiences that excite you, the option of saying “yes” when your friends invite you to dinner…I could go on and on.

Harvard study from 2018 suggested that “great wealth does predict greater happiness” — for millionaires. Researchers found “consistent evidence that somewhat higher levels of wealth are not associated with higher well-being, but substantially higher levels (net worth of $8 million or more) are linked to modestly greater well-being.” (While the majority of us aren’t millionaires, there’s still a good amount of data to imply that happiness, to some degree, is tied to money.)

The class called “The Science of Well-Being,” is taught by Laurie Santos, a professor of psychology and cognitive science.

Money ≠ happiness.

Money is the tool that we can all use to buy more time to spend on these things. A phenomenon called “miswantings,” refers to the idea that people sometimes “mispredict” how much they’ll enjoy something in the future, according to Dr. Santos.

Dr. S antos references several “annoying features of the mind” that influence us to chase after things that don’t really make us happy. Many of the materialistic goals we strive for make little to no lasting impact on our overall life satisfaction, Santos argues. One of the the main misconceptions she addresses is money.


References:

  1. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/13/i-took-yales-most-popular-class-ever-and-it-completely-changed-how-i-spend-my-money.html
  2. https://fourpillarfreedom.com/chop-wood-carry-water/

Dr. Mike Evans is a staff physician at St. Michael’s Hospital and an Associate Professor of Family Medicine. He is a Scientist at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and has an endowed Chair in Patient Engagement in Child Nutrition at the University of Toronto.