Tag Archives: Bourbon

Bourbon: America’s Native Whiskey

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All bourbon is whiskey, but not all whiskey is bourbon.

Whiskey is made all across the world, but Bourbon is a type of American whiskey, made with at least 51% corn.

“Bourbon is America’s take on whiskey that came over with the original European colonists and immigrants,” says Heather Wibbels, managing director of Bourbon Women, a female-centered, consumer-based bourbon organization.

“People arriving in America brought their distilling traditions with them and adapted them to the grains and materials at hand to create a new kind of whiskey,” Wibbels continues. “Corn thrived in the U.S. more than rye and barley, so the colonists and early immigrants pivoted toward it as a base for their whiskies.”

Today, bourbon—America’s native whiskey—remains one of the most popular spirits categories.

To be classified as Bourbon, it needs to be made in the U.S. That means that everything—the mashing, distilling and aging—must be conducted on American soil.

In contrast, Whiskey/whisky, more broadly, can be made anywhere.

In addition, not all American whiskeys are bourbon

Bourbon is made from a mash bill with at least 51% corn. The remaining grains in the mix can range widely. High-rye bourbons contain a high concentration of rye grain, while wheated bourbons contain a high concentration of wheat. Other bourbons might include oats, barley or rice-based varieties. Some are 100% corn.

Whiskey is a broader category, and the grains will vary depending on the type of whiskey. For example, Scotch whiskey is made from malted (germinated) barley, while American rye whiskey contains at least 51% rye grain.

To be called bourbon, the whiskey must be aged in new charred barrels made from American oak.

Whiskeys from other regions may have different rules about the vessels. Most allow for used oak barrels—and used bourbon barrels often are used for aging other spirits, including non-bourbon whiskeys.

Although bourbon doesn’t have to be made in Kentucky, 95% of all bourbons are, according to the Kentucky Bourbon Trail.

Well-known bourbon producers from the state include Bulleit, Evan Williams, Four Roses, Heaven Hill, Jim Beam, Maker’s Mark, Michter’s, Old Forester, Wild Turkey and Woodford Reserve.

References:

  1. https://www.wineenthusiast.com/culture/spirits/bourbon-vs-whiskey/

Straight Bourbon Requirements

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Wood and time are the two most expensive items to producing bourbon, and that the most valuable commodity at any distillery is experience.

The terms, KENTUCKY – STRAIGHT – BOURBON – WHISKEY, all mean something on their own, and when they appear together..

Read a bourbon label can be challenging. But if you know the procedures and all that is involved, a bourbon label typically gives you the age, state, and brand.

On May 4th, 1964, Congress passed a resolution designating bourbon as the native spirit of the United States. This resolution codified the industry standards for production and claimed that anything labeled and sold as bourbon had to be made exclusively in the United States. And, this legislation differentiates bourbon from Scotch, Irish, Japanese, and other types of whiskeys.

Here are a few of the basic categories, terms, and general whiskey vocabulary on your bourbon label:

A bourbon whiskey must meet the following qualifications to be considered bourbon:

  1. It must be distilled from a grain mash consisting of at least 51% corn.
  2. It must be distilled at a maximum of 160 proof, and barreled at a maximum of 125 proof.
  3. It must be aged in a new, charred oak container. Additionally, the oak must be virgin, meaning that the container cannot have been used for any other purpose prior to the whiskey entering and the barrel used to age bourbon may only be used once. The industry standard is an American white oak barrel, usually 53 gallons.
  4. Additional flavoring or coloring may not be added to the distilled spirit. Only water, to cut the proof, or bourbon from other barrels may be added to the whiskey.
  5. It must be made in the United States.

The term “straight” bourbon is a legal reference to the liquor’s age. Straight whiskey is aged for a minimum of 2 years. It is rare that a whiskey develops any depth of flavor prior to that 2-year mark.

Proof

Proof, or alcohol by volume (ABV), determines a lot about the juice inside the bottle: flavor profile, mouth feel, aroma and overall strength. Distillers can’t legally sell 100 percent alcohol as Bourbon, so they dilute it with water to the desired ratio. The proof changes slightly while the Bourbon is in the barrel and some evaporation occurs. ABV – Alcohol by Volume, proof (which is 2 times the ABV in the U.S.)

Mash Bill

Mash bill tells you the type of grain the Bourbon is made of. To be Bourbon, whiskey has to contain between 51 and 80 percent corn; distillers augment the corn with various amounts of malted barley, wheat and/or rye,

Single Barrel

This product is a bottling which consists of whiskey from one barrel. No other barrels go into bottling. When purchasing single barrel whiskeys, there will be significant variances between barrels.

Cask Strength

This indicates that water isn’t added to the whiskey after aging, prior to bottling. Typically whiskeys of this sort will be sold at higher than 46% ABV, but there isn’t a minimum. Most other whiskeys are sold between 40-46% ABV as their standard proof.

NCF (Non Chilled-Filtered)

Chill-filtration is the industrial process by which some companies remove congeners from their products. At lower temperature and/or when water is added to whiskey which hasn’t been chill-filtered, the whiskey becomes cloudy. Additionally, there are small particles which are removed by this process to ensure the whiskey is clear of debris. However, these congeners and particles contain flavor and texture and removing them affects the end result.

Age Statement

Increasingly, NAS (no age-statement) whiskeys are a product makes a claim that their whiskey is x number of years old, not a drop of whiskey in the bottling can be younger than that age statement. The product can be older, but it cannot be any younger. With whiskey, if a bottling is stating their whiskey is x number of years old, you can be guaranteed that it is at least that old.

Straight

This term is only used with American whiskeys. It means that the whiskey is aged at least two years in charred new oak barrels (straight corn whiskey can be aged in used charred oak barrels or un-charred new oak). It can be a blend of more than one straight whiskey type (i.e. bourbon, rye, wheat, corn), provided all the whiskey comes from the same state.

Understanding the meaning behind words and phrases on a bourbon label helps the consumer make more informed choices when looking to purchase a valuable product.

Bonded or Bottle-in-Bond

A term which is only used in the United States. Whiskey which is aged for a minimum of four years under government supervision; distilled from one distillery, one distiller, and from one distilling season. The whiskey is also bottled at 50% ABV..

  • The product of one distillation season and one distiller at one distillery
  • It must have been stored (i.e., aged) in a federally bonded warehouse under U.S. government supervision for at least four years
  • Bottled at 100 proof (50% alcohol by volume).
  • The bottled product’s label must identify the distillery (by DSP number) where it was distilled and, if different, where it was bottled.

References:

  1. https://www.artofmanliness.com/living/food-drink/read-bourbon-label/
  2. https://distiller.com/articles/whiskey-label

History of Blanton’s Single Barrel Bourbon

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The history of Blanton’s, the world’s first single barrel bourbon:

Master Distiller Elmer T. Lee introduced the world to Blanton’s Single Barrel Bourbon a year before he retired in 1985 from Buffalo Trace Distillery.

In doing so, Les revolutionized the industry by creating the “super premium” category of bourbon with the world’s first single barrel bourbon.

This idea was somewhat radical at the time because it challenged the identity of what most folks thought bourbon to be.

Today, most bourbon distilleries offer one or more single barrel bottlings, but Blanton’s was the first, and is still believed to be one the finest, single barrel on the market.

The distiller’s website describes Blanton’s taste profile as sweet, with notes of citrus and oak. The creamy vanilla nose is teased with caramel and butterscotch, all underscored by familiar baking spices such as clove, nutmeg, or cinnamon.

Blanton’s Original set the standard for single barrel bourbons in 1984. Best served neat or on the rocks. Bottled at 46.5% alcohol by volume.

References:

  1. https://www.blantonsbourbon.com/pages/our-bourbon

Bourbon Corner: Knob Creek 12

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In 2020, Jim Beam released Knob Creek 12 Year Bourbon, a brand new bourbon to the Knob Creek.  Knob Creek 12 year is an absolute amazing bourbon.

  • Distillery: Jim Beam
  • Type & Region: Bourbon, Kentucky, USA
  • Alcohol: 50%
  • Composition: 75% corn, 13% rye, 12% barley
  • Aged: 12 years
  • Color: 1.2/2.0 on the color scale (tawny)
  • MSRPrice: $60-70

Incredibly satisfying. deep caramel color with a perfect balance of oak, spice and heat. It’s can be hard to find on store shelves but it’s worth the effort.

Recommendation is drink neat or create the perfect old fashion!

What is bourbon

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Bourbon is a corn-based, aged spirit that, while legally can be produced anywhere in the U.S., is Kentucky’s signature liquor. In fact, Kentucky distilleries make 95% of the world’s bourbon.

Because of the liquor’s aging process variation, bourbon’s colors range from light amber to dark caramel and each bottle must contain at least 40% ABV.

Bourbon can only be called bourbon if it’s aged in an oak barrel; barrels must be new and are pre-charred to help the liquid extract as much flavor as possible from the wood.

The difference between bourbon and whiskey

Bourbon is a whiskey — but because of the stricter standards set for bourbon distillers, most whiskies are not considered bourbons.

While both whiskey and bourbon are made from the same base ingredients (a predominantly corn mash, yeast and water), a spirit can only be called bourbon if it’s crafted in the United States, surpasses a minimum 40% ABV and is aged in new, charred, white oak barrels.

Bourbons are generally on the younger side of the whiskey family (compared to older whiskies like scotch) and thus deliver a sweeter profile.

A “barrel proof bourbon” means no added water to lower the proof or dilute the flavor after it’s been distilled.

References:

  1. https://drizly.com/liquor/whiskey/bourbon/wild-turkey-rare-breed/p5417
  2. https://www.wildturkeybourbon.com/products/rare-breed/